Maintaining good health involves more than just eating well and exercising regularly. For women, regular health screenings play a crucial role in early detection and prevention of various health conditions. As women navigate through different life stages, specific screenings become essential to ensure overall well-being. In this blog, we’ll explore the key health screenings that every woman should prioritize and understand why they are vital for long-term health.

Breast Cancer Screening

• Mammograms- Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women, making mammograms a critical screening tool. A mammogram is an X-ray of the breast used to detect early signs of breast cancer before any symptoms develop. The American Cancer Society recommends that women with average risk begin annual mammograms at age 45 and transition to biennial screenings at age 55. However, women with a family history of breast cancer or other risk factors may need to start earlier or have more frequent screenings.
• Clinical Breast Exams- In addition to mammograms, a clinical breast exam (CBE) performed by a healthcare provider can help detect abnormalities. It is usually done during routine check-ups, but women should also perform self-exams monthly to monitor any changes in their breasts.

Cervical Cancer Screening

• Pap Smear- The Pap smear, or Pap test, is a screening procedure used to detect precancerous or cancerous cells in the cervix. Women should begin Pap smears at age 21, and the frequency of the test depends on age and previous results. Typically, it’s recommended every three years until age 29, after which it can be combined with HPV (human papillomavirus) testing and done every five years until age 65.
• HPV Testing- HPV testing is often done alongside the Pap smear in women over 30 to check for the presence of high-risk HPV types that can lead to cervical cancer. HPV testing is also recommended every five years if combined with Pap smear results.

Osteoporosis Screening

• Bone Density Test- Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, increasing the risk of fractures. A bone density test, or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan, measures bone mineral density and helps assess the risk of osteoporosis. Women are generally advised to start screening at age 65 or earlier if they have risk factors such as a family history of osteoporosis, prolonged steroid use, or other conditions that affect bone health.

Cholesterol and Blood Pressure Screening

• Cholesterol Test- High cholesterol levels are a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A cholesterol test measures levels of LDL (bad cholesterol), HDL (good cholesterol), and triglycerides. Women should have their cholesterol levels checked starting at age 20 and at least once every 4-6 years. If you have risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, or a family history of heart disease, your doctor may recommend more frequent testing.
• Blood Pressure Measurement- High blood pressure, or hypertension, is another major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Regular blood pressure screenings are essential to detect hypertension early and manage it effectively. Women should have their blood pressure checked at least once every two years or more frequently if they have risk factors or existing hypertension.

Diabetes Screening

• Fasting Blood Glucose Test- Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects blood sugar levels and can lead to serious health complications if left untreated. A fasting blood glucose test measures the amount of glucose in your blood after fasting for at least 8 hours. Women with risk factors such as obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, or a family history of diabetes should start screening at age 45 and continue every 3 years.
• Hemoglobin A1c Test- The Hemoglobin A1c test provides an average of blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. It is used to diagnose and monitor diabetes and prediabetes. Women at higher risk should consider this test as part of their routine health screenings.

Thyroid Function Test

• TSH Test- The thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) test measures how well the thyroid gland is functioning. Thyroid disorders, such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, can impact various bodily functions and overall health. Women should have their thyroid function tested if they experience symptoms like unexplained weight changes, fatigue, or mood swings or as part of routine screening if they have a family history of thyroid disorders.

Colon Cancer Screening

• Colonoscopy- Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. A colonoscopy is a procedure used to examine the colon and rectum for signs of cancer or precancerous conditions. Women should start colorectal cancer screening at age 45, with a colonoscopy recommended every 10 years if results are normal. Other screening options, such as stool tests or flexible sigmoidoscopy, may be discussed with your healthcare provider based on personal risk factors.

Skin Cancer Screening

• Dermatological Exam- Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the U.S. A dermatological exam involves a thorough examination of your skin by a dermatologist to identify any unusual moles or skin changes. Women should perform regular self-exams and consult a dermatologist annually, especially if they have a family history of skin cancer or notice any changes in their skin.

Vaccinations

• HPV Vaccine- The HPV vaccine protects against the human papillomavirus, which can lead to cervical and other cancers. It is recommended for preteens and young adults up to age 26, but it can also be given to women up to age 45 based on individual risk factors.
• Flu and COVID-19 Vaccines- Annual flu shots and COVID-19 vaccines are essential for preventing infectious diseases and protecting overall health. Staying up-to-date with these vaccines helps reduce the risk of severe illness and complications from respiratory infections.

Conclusion

Prioritizing health screenings is essential for women to maintain optimal health and catch potential issues early. Regular check-ups and screenings for breast cancer, cervical cancer, osteoporosis, cholesterol, blood pressure, diabetes, thyroid function, colon cancer, skin cancer, mental health, and necessary vaccinations can significantly impact long-term health and quality of life. At Seva Family Medicine, our goal is to support you in achieving and maintaining your best health through proactive and comprehensive care. Schedule your screenings today and take charge of your health for a brighter, healthier future.